IBM® SPSS® Amos™ 28

James, Mulaik and Brett, 1982 suggested multiplying the NFI by a "parsimony index" so as to take into account the number of degrees of freedom for testing both the model being evaluated and the baseline model. Mulaik, et al. (1989) suggested applying the same adjustment to the GFI. Amos also applies a parsimony adjustment to the CFI.

See also PGFI.